Download Practical of Salt Analysis Complete PDF with images and experiments- Salt Analysis Experimentation for Class 11 complete practical PDF
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Salt Analysis PDF
The segregation of different anions and cations and identification of the same in inorganic salts is known as salt analysis. This process is known by different names like qualitative analysis of inorganic salts or systematic qualitative analysis.
Inorganic salts are separated into different ions with the help of different sorts of experiments done under laboratory conditions and putting the compounds under different distinct tests which confirm whether certain ions are present or not in the solution.
Step-Wise Procedure of Salt Analysis
- Step 1: Obtain the inorganic salt whose cation and anion you must identify.
- Step 2: Conduct preliminary tests for the anion group-wise until you obtain a positive result. Anions and cations are classified into groups that share the same group reagent and therefore, have similar preliminary tests.
- Step 3: Once you get a positive result for a preliminary test for an anion, conduct a confirmatory test for that anion. (If you get a positive result, move on to step 4. If you don’t, go back to conducting preliminary tests for anions.)
- Step 4: Conduct preliminary tests for cations group-wise until you obtain a positive result.
- Step 5: Once a positive result is obtained, conduct a confirmatory test for that cation.
- Step 6: Now that the cation and the anion are identified, obtain the chemical formula of the salt by balancing the charges of the cation and anion. For example, if your cation is Fe3+ and your anion is Cl–, the chemical formula of the salt will be FeCl3.
Tricks And Shortcuts
| Colour of the Inorganic Salt | Cation |
|---|---|
| Blue | Cu2+ |
| Deep blue | Co2+ (anhydrous salt) |
| Greenish-blue | Cu2+ (hydrated salt) |
| Green | Ni2+ (hydrated salt) |
| Light green | Fe2+ |
| Yellow, brown, or yellowish-brown | Fe3+ |
| Pale pink | Mn2+ |
| Rose-red | Co2+ or mercuric iodide (HgI2) |
| Purple or dark green | Cr3+ |
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